Page 57 - 2022 CPC Corporation,Taiwan

• how managers of the business are compensated— e.g. whether compensation is based on the fair value of the assets managed or the contractual cash flows collected; and • the frequency, volume and timing of sales of financial assets in prior periods, the reasons for such sales and expectations about future sales activity. Transfers of financial assets to third parties in transactions that do not qualify for derecognition are not considered sales for this purpose, and are consistent with the Company’s continuing recognition of the assets. Financial assets that are held for trading or are managed and whose performance is evaluated on a fair value basis are measured at FVTPL. 5) Assessment whether contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest For the purposes of this assessment,‘principal’ is defined as the fair value of the financial assets on initial recognition.‘Interest’ is defined as consideration for the time value of money and for the credit risk associated with the principal amount outstanding during a particular period of time and for other basic lending risks and costs, as well as a profit margin. In assessing whether the contractual cash flows are solely payments of principal and interest, the Company considers the contractual terms of the instrument. This includes assessing whether the financial asset contains a contractual term that could change the timing or amount of contractual cash flows such that it would not meet this condition. In making this assessment, the Company considers: • contingent events that would change the amount or timing of cash flow; • terms that may adjust the contractual coupon rate, including variable rate features; • prepayment and extension features; and • terms that limit the Company’s claim to cash flows from specified assets (e.g. non-recourse features). 6) Impairment of financial assets The Company recognizes loss allowances for expected credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost (including cash and cash equivalents, amortized costs, accounts receivable, other receivable, guarantee deposit paid and other financial assets), debt investments measured at FVOCI, accounts receivable measured at FVOCI and contract assets. The Company measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime expected credit loss (ECL), except for the following which are measured as 12-month ECL: • debt securities that are determined to have low credit risk at the reporting date; and • other debt securities and bank balances for which credit risk (i.e. the risk of default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument) has not increased significantly since initial recognition. Loss allowance for trade receivables and contract assets are always measured at an amount equal to lifetime ECL. Lifetime ECLs are the ECLs that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. 12-month ECLs are the portion of ECLs that result from default events that are possible within the 12 months after the reporting date (or a shorter period if the expected life of the instrument is less than 12 months). The maximum period considered when estimating ECLs is the maximum contractual period over which the Group is exposed to credit risk. When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating ECL, the Company considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both quantitative and qualitative information and analysis based on the Company’s historical experience and informed credit assessment as well as forward-looking information. The Company considers a debt security to have low credit risk when its credit risk rating is equivalent to the globally understood definition of ‘investment grade which is considered to be BBB- or higher per Standard & Poor’s, Baa3 or higher per Moody’s or twA or higher per Taiwan Ratings’. ECLs are a probability-weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the present value of all cash shortfalls (i.e the difference between the cash flows due to the Company in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Company expects to receive). ECLs are discounted at the effective interest rate of the financial asset. 54 55